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Posts published in “Tree”

花花酱 LeetCode 235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree

By zxi on January 29, 2020

Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST.

According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes p and q as the lowest node in T that has both p and q as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”

Given binary search tree:  root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5]

Example 1:

Input: root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 8
Output: 6
Explanation: The LCA of nodes 2 and 8 is 6.

Example 2:

Input: root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 4
Output: 2
Explanation: The LCA of nodes 2 and 4 is 2, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.

Note:

  • All of the nodes’ values will be unique.
  • p and q are different and both values will exist in the BST.

Solution: Recursion

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)

C++

花花酱 LeetCode 257. Binary Tree Paths

By zxi on January 29, 2020

Given a binary tree, return all root-to-leaf paths.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Input:

   1
 /   \
2     3
 \
  5

Output: ["1->2->5", "1->3"]

Explanation: All root-to-leaf paths are: 1->2->5, 1->3

Solution: Recursion

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n) / output can be O(n^2)

C++

花花酱 LeetCode 107. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II

By zxi on January 29, 2020

Given a binary tree, return the bottom-up level order traversal of its nodes’ values. (ie, from left to right, level by level from leaf to root).

For example:
Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its bottom-up level order traversal as:

[
  [15,7],
  [9,20],
  [3]
]

Solution: Recursion

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)

C++

Related Problems

花花酱 LeetCode 144. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal

By zxi on January 29, 2020

Given a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes’ values.

Example:

Input: [1,null,2,3]
   1
    \
     2
    /
   3

Output: [1,2,3]

Follow up: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

Solution 1: Recursion

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)

C++

Solution 2: Stack

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)

C++

花花酱 LeetCode 1325. Delete Leaves With a Given Value

By zxi on January 20, 2020

Given a binary tree root and an integer target, delete all the leaf nodes with value target.

Note that once you delete a leaf node with value target, if it’s parent node becomes a leaf node and has the value target, it should also be deleted (you need to continue doing that until you can’t).

Example 1:

Input: root = [1,2,3,2,null,2,4], target = 2
Output: [1,null,3,null,4]
Explanation: Leaf nodes in green with value (target = 2) are removed (Picture in left). 
After removing, new nodes become leaf nodes with value (target = 2) (Picture in center).

Example 2:

Input: root = [1,3,3,3,2], target = 3
Output: [1,3,null,null,2]

Example 3:

Input: root = [1,2,null,2,null,2], target = 2
Output: [1]
Explanation: Leaf nodes in green with value (target = 2) are removed at each step.

Example 4:

Input: root = [1,1,1], target = 1
Output: []

Example 5:

Input: root = [1,2,3], target = 1
Output: [1,2,3]

Constraints:

  • 1 <= target <= 1000
  • Each tree has at most 3000 nodes.
  • Each node’s value is between [1, 1000].

Solution: Recursion

Post-order traversal

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)

C++